It has been recognised that agriculture practices can have a significant impact on neighbouring stream ecosystems.  Changes such as reduced biodiversity, algal blooms, fish kills and other impacts have been shown to occur in areas of intensive agriculture activity.  It is critical that the agriculture sector continue to assess and mitigate these impacts in order to maintain an environmentally and economically sound industry.  Research has significantly advanced our knowledge of the potential impacts of nutrient, pesticides and pathogens originating from agriculture systems.  Knowledge of nutrient and pesticides pathways is quite advanced and significant progress has been made in developing best management practices that mitigate the impacts of these contaminates.  With other contaminates such as pathogens, endocrine disruptors and hormones we are only beginning to understand the role agriculture plays in their distribution in neighbouring streams. The capacity to reach conclusions and develop recommendations based on the current studies varies not only with number of studies completed but also with the scale upon which these studies were conducted.  This paper assesses the state of our knowledge and provides an overview of some of the current research and directions for the future.