Streams are closely connected with their surrounding landscape and land use plays an important role in determining stream biodiversity.  Anthropogenic activities on the watershed can alter environmental conditions on streams creating favorable conditions for certain taxa and excluding others.  Here, we assessed the relation between land use and aquatic insect biodiversity in low order tropical streams in Puerto Rico.  We selected streams draining forested, agricultural, and urban watersheds and assessed insect biodiversity by deploying litter packs in the streams.  Leaf packs were made of Cecropia schreberiana, a common native tree.  We collected the packs after 22, 28 and 47 days and assessed the diversity of organisms.  Insects colonizing leaves were mainly mayflies (Leptophlebiidae, Baetidae, and Caenidae), dipterans (Chironomidae), caddisflies (Polycentropodidae), and beetles (Elmidae and Gyrinidae).  Results suggest that land use is an important factor affecting stream insect composition.  Certain taxa were indicators of different land uses. Overall, our study shows that insect diversity changes with land use and those aquatic insects in these tropical streams are potential good indicators of stream condition.