Elevated levels of nutrients in Florida springs and spring run streams, principally nitrate, are being increasingly linked to proliferation of benthic algal populations.  Changes include increased algal abundance (e.g., biomass, chlorophyll a) and alterations in algal community structure, from a microalgal/diatom-dominated community to one dominated by filamentous macroalgae (Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta and Xanthophyta).  To date there has not been any examination of how these changes in algal communities may affect the fauna of springs and spring run streams.  Existing data on benthic algae and macroinvertebrates were analyzed to evaluate the existence of relationships.  Increased algal abundance is associated with “positive” (increased invertebrate taxa richness and abundance) and “negative” changes (decreased evenness and diversity).  Changes in relative abundance of macroinvertebrate functional feeding guilds were mixed.  Reductions in the magnitude of metrics such as EPT and SCI scores with increased proportion of Cyanobacteria and Chlorophyta in the algal community suggest that changes in algal community structure from a periphyton/microalgal physiognomy to one dominated by filamentous forms may negatively affect macroinvertebrate community structure.  These conclusions are preliminary, as data used in this analysis were not collected in order to relate benthic algae and macroinvertebrate communities.  Specific studies examining this question should be conducted.