The name Itauara comes from the Tupi-Guarani language and roughly translates to “born from rock,” likely referring to glossosomatid larval cases, found conspicuously on the surface of rocks. Müller first used the name Itauara in 1888 without any included species or illustrations but in a later work he provided sketches of the forewing venation and some larval parts. Based on similarities in wing venation and of cases and larval parts, Flint and colleagues recently synonymized Itauara with Antoptila Mosely 1939, designated A. brasiliana as the type species, and transferred the 3 other known species of Antoptila to Itauara. Although members of this genus have seemingly similar male genitalia, certain structures are not homologous casting doubt on the monophyly of the genus. Additionally, more than a dozen new species have been discovered from southeastern Brazil, Peru, and Guyana and it is unclear whether they too belong to Itauara. In this study, we homologize male genitalic structures, provide new species-level diagnoses and illustrations of adult diagnostic characters, and describe several new species. Furthermore, we evaluate the monophyly of the genus by inferring a species-level phylogeny based on wing venation and characters of the male genitalia, head, thorax, and other parts.